You should approach the choice of fertilizers carefully. In order not to harm the plants, it is necessary to take into account the following plant fertilizers:
- nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) are the main macroelements that absolutely all plants need. For different species, the ratio of their consumption is different, and to enhance the beneficial effects in ready-made mixtures, they can be supplemented with microelements, vitamins, stimulants, phytohormones, amino acids;
- nitrogen promotes intensive growth of green mass, phosphorus stimulates the formation of buds and flowering, potassium helps the plant resist diseases, pests, low temperatures and heat.
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When purchasing fertilizer, pay attention to their ratio.
Flowering plants (violets, orchids) are demanding on the availability of phosphorus, while decorative leafy species (ferns, ficus) are demanding on the presence of nitrogen;
- Liquid forms of fertilizers, after dilution with water, are generally suitable for both root application and spraying. In the latter case, the concentration should be less to avoid burning the leaf blade;
- dry fertilizers are supplied in granular or crystalline form. They are applied at the root after thoroughly dissolving in water, observing the dosage;
- universal fertilizers are the best option for regular nutrition of all plants. However, during the period of bud formation and the appearance of flowers, it is better to feed flowering species with mixtures with a sufficient amount of phosphorus, potassium, boron, and molybdenum;
- deficiency of nutrients is manifested by external symptoms, which should be paid attention to in order to correct the nutritional regimen.
Lack of nitrogen leads to pale leaves and slower growth, phosphorus - to yellowing of leaves followed by their falling off, calcium - to weak growth of stems, death of young leaves, boron - to the death of the growing point, molybdenum - to fading and curling of leaves, and iron - to they acquire a light yellow color.
When to feed indoor plants
Most indoor plants are dormant from November to March, so during these months feeding should be stopped or, if due to the characteristics of the species, reduced to 1 time per month. Nutrients during this period will not be actively absorbed by the root system and will begin to accumulate in the substrate. In indoor plants, increased concentrations can reach undesirable levels and cause burns to root hairs.
From March to October inclusive, plants are fed once every two weeks, during the flowering period - once every seven days.
A few weeks before transplanting the plant into a new substrate and for a month after it, no additional nutrition is added. If fresh soil is chosen correctly, then the supply of minerals in it will be enough for adequate nutrition for several weeks.
On very hot days, it is better to refuse feeding. During this period, the plant spends most of its moisture on thermoregulation in order to protect itself from overheating, and the added mineral elements in the quickly drying soil may not be fully absorbed